ᖁᑦᓯᑦᑐᒧᑦ ᓄᑦᑎᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᓇᑉᐸᐃᓂᑦᓴᒧᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᓂᐅᔪᖅ

ᐊᐅᔭᐅᑎᓪᓗᒍ 1950-ᖏᓐᓂ, ᐊᒥᓱᑲᓪᓚᐃᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓚᒌᑦ ᓄᑦᑎᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᖁᑦᑎᑦᑐᒧᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᓐᓄᑦ. ᐃᓚᒌᑦ ᒥᑦᑎᒪᑕᓕᒻᒥᐅᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓄᒃᔪᐊᕐᒥᐅᑦ, ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᐳᐊᑦ ᕼᐃᐅᕆᓴᓐ ᑕᐃᑦᓱᒪᓂ, ᑕᓯᐅᔭᕐᔪᐊᑉ ᓯᒡᔭᖓᓂ ᑯᐸᐃᒃ ᑕᕐᕋᖓᓂ, ᓄᑦᑎᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᓇᓕᙳᖅᑎᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᖃᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒥᒃ.

ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦ ᐱᓂᐊᕐᓂᕋᖅᓯᒪᔭᖏᑦ ᓄᑖᒧᑦ ᓄᓇᒧᑦ ᐊᒥᓱᐊᓘᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ: ᐆᒪᔪᐃᑦ, ᐱᓕᕆᔾᔪᑎᒃᓴᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᓄᑖᑦ ᐱᖁᑎᑦ, ᑕᒪᕐᒥᑦᑎᐊᖅ ᐅᑕᖅᑭᔪᑦ ᐃᓚᒌᓄᑦ ᑎᑭᒻᒪᑕ. ᐃᓚᒌᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᔾᔭᐅᓚᐅᕆᕗᑦ ᖁᕕᐊᓱᙱᒃᑯᑎᒃ, ᐊᖏᕐᕋᐅᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᕐᕌᒎᒃ ᒪᕐᕉᒃ ᐊᓂᒍᖅᐸᑕ.

ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᑦ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᐃᑦ ᖁᑦᑎᑦᑐᒥ ᐊᒃᓱᕈᕐᓇᖅᑐᒻᒪᕆᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᐃᓚᒌᓄᑦ. ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᐱᓂᐊᕐᓂᕋᖅᓯᒪᒐᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᐃᑲᔫᑎᒃᓴᑦ ᐊᒥᒐᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑳᓕᕋᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᐃᓚᒌᑦ ᐊᖏᕐᕋᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᙱᓚᑦ.

ᐃᓕᓴᕆᓪᓗᒍ ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐊᒃᓱᕉᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᔪᒪᓪᓗᒍ, ᓄᓇᕗᑦ ᑐᙵᕕᒃᑯᑦ ᑎᓕᓯᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᒪᕐᕉᓐᓂᒃ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᐅᔫᓐᓂᒃ ᐄᐳᕈᓪ 2008-ᖑᑎᓪᓗᒍ. ᐊᕐᕌᒎᒃ ᒪᕐᕉᒃ ᓇᑉᐸᕐᓗ ᐊᓂᒍᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᐸᕐᓇᒃᑕᐅᓯᒪᒻᒪᕆᓚᐅᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᐃᑦ ᒪᑐᐃᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᓯᑎᐱᕆ 8 ᐊᒻᒪᓗ 10, 2010-ᒥ.

ᓄᓇᕗᑦ ᑐᙵᕕᒃᑯᑦ ᑎᓕᓯᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᒪᕐᕉᓐᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ ᓴᓇᙳᐊᖅᑎᒻᒪᕆᐅᔫᓐᓂᒃ ᓴᓇᙳᐊᖅᑎᐅᔫᓐᓂᒃ, ᓯᒥᐅᓂ ᐊᒪᕈᐊᓕᒃ ᖃᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᕐᒥᐅᑕᖅ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓘᑎ ᐱᔨᒪᓂ ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒥᐅᖅ. ᐊᑐᖅᑐᑎᒃ ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᐅᔭᖅᑲᓂᒃ, ᐊᒪᕈᐊᓕᒃ ᓴᓇᙳᐊᒐᓕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᖑᑎᓐᖑᐊᒥᒃ ᖃᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒥ. ᐱᔾᔭᒥᓂ ᓴᓇᙳᐊᒐᓕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᕐᓇᒥᒃ ᓱᕈᓯᕐᒥᓪᓗ ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒥ. ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᐃᑦ ᑕᑯᒃᓴᐅᑎᑦᑎᔪᑦ ᖃᓄᖅ ᐃᓚᒌᑦ ᐊᕕᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᕐᒪᖔᑕ ᓄᑦᑎᖅᑕᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ. ᐊᑐᓂ ᓴᓇᙳᐊᖅᑏᑦ ᑲᔪᖏᖅᓴᐃᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᒪᒃᑯᓐᓂᖅᓴᓂᒃ ᓴᓇᙳᐊᖅᑎᓂᒃ ᓴᓇᙳᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ.

ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᐃᑦ ᑐᕌᖓᑎᑕᐅᕗᑦ ᐃᓚᒌᓄᑦ ᓄᑦᑎᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ, ᖁᕕᐊᓲᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᓴᐱᓕᕈᓐᓇᖏᓐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓚᒌᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᓇᖅᑲᑎᒌᑦ ᐊᓂᒍᐃᔪᓐᓇᓚᐅᕐᒪᑕ ᐊᒃᓱᕉᓴᒃᑐᐊᓗᖕᓂᒃ ᐃᓚᒌᑦ ᐊᒃᓱᕈᕐᓇᖅᑐᒃᑰᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒥ ᓅᑕᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ 1950-ᖏᓐᓂ.

ᓴᖅᑭᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᐃᑦ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐃᑲᔪᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᑦ ᒪᒥᓴᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓇᙵᑦ ᐱᐅᙱᑦᑐᐊᓗᖕᓂᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓐᓂᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᓂᑦ. ᑕᖅᑭᖅ ᓄᓇᕗᑦ ᑐᙵᕕᒃᑯᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑳᖅᑎᓐᓇᒍ, ᐃᓄᓕᕆᔨᑐᖃᒃᑯᑦ ᒥᓂᔅᑕᖓᑦ ᔮᓐ ᑕᓐᑲᓐ ᒪᒥᐊᓪᓚᕆᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᐃᓪᓗᓂ ᒐᕙᒪᑐᖃᒃᑯᓐᓂᑦ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᑦ ᓅᑎᑦᑎᓚᐅᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ. ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᕐᔪᐊᖓ ᓯᑏᕙᓐ ᕼᐋᐸ ᒪᒥᐊᓚᐅᕆᕗᖅ ᐃᓅᓚᐅᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᓅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᖃᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒧᑦ ᓂᐅᕐᕈᓯᒪᑎᓪᓗᒍ.

ᐅᓄᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑲᐅᑎᑦ ᐃᓚᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᓄᓇᕗᑦ ᑐᙵᕕᒃᑯᑦ ᑎᒥᖓᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᖃᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᕐᒥᐅᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᕐᒥᐅᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᖅᑲᑎᒌᓄᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᒥᓂᔅᑕ ᑕᓐᑲᓐ ᒪᒥᐊᒃᑲᓐᓂᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᑐᓂ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᖅᖢᓂᒋᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦ ᐃᓚᒌᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ. ᒪᒥᓴᕐᓂᖅᑕᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᓖᖕᓂᒃ ᓴᖅᑭᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ.

ᐋᓐᓂᕈᑎᖏᑦ ᐃᑎᔪᐊᓘᕗᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᒐᓴᖕᓄᑦ ᓄᑕᐅᙱᑎᒋᓪᓗᑎᒃ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᓴᖅᑭᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᑦ, ᒪᒥᐊᓐᓂᕐᓗ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᓐᓂᑦ, ᐱᕕᖃᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᐊᖅᐳᖅ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ, ᕿᒃᓵᖕᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᒪᒥᓴᕐᓂᕐᒥᒡᓗ.

ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᓯᒪᔪᑦ

1920 ᐊᕐᕌᒍᐃᑦ ᐱᒋᐊᓕᓵᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᑲᓇᑕ ᐸᓖᓯᖃᕐᕕᓕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᖅ Craig Harbour-ᒥ, 55 ᑭᓛᒥᑕᓂᒃ ᐅᖓᓯᒃᑎᒋᔪᒥ ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑑᑉ ᐱᖓᖕᓇᖓᓂ. 1950 ᑎᑭᖦᖢᒍ, ᐃᓱᒫᓘᑎᖃᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖅ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᕆᔭᐅᓂᐊᕐᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᐅᓇᑕᕕᒡᔪᐊᕐᓇᐅᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᔨᖏᑦ ᓇᓂᓯᔪᒪᓕᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᖃᓄᖅ ᓄᓇᖃᐃᓐᓇᓕᕈᓐᓇᕐᒪᖔᑕ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑑᑉ ᕿᑭᖅᑕᖏᓐᓂ. ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐅᖓᕙᐅᑉ ᓄᕗᐊᓂ ᑯᐸᐃᒃ ᐅᐊᖕᓇᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᔪᕐᓇᖅᑐᖅᓯᐅᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᓕᕐᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᓐᓇᐅᒪᓇᓱᒋᐊᒃᓴᖅ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᒃᑎᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ, ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᖓᑕ ᐋᖅᑭᒍᑎᒃᓴᖓ ᐊᔪᕐᓇᙱᑦᑐᑯᓘᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ: ᐲᖅᓯᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐱᖓᓱᓂᒃ ᐃᓚᒌᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᒃᔪᐊᑉ ᓯᓚᑎᑦᑎᐊᖓᓂ ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑑᑉ ᕿᑭᖅᑖᓗᐊᓄᐊᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ, ᓄᓇ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᐃᑦᑕᕐᓂᓴᓕᕆᔨᐅᑉ ᑕᐃᔭᖓ "ᐊᒃᓱᕈᕐᓇᕐᓂᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ ᓇᔪᖅᑕᐅᖏᓐᓇᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂ".[1] ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᓱᓕᓂᕋᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᓄᓇᖓ ᐆᒪᔪᖃᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪ ᖃᖓᑦᑕᐅᑎᑖᖅᑎᑦᑎᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᕐᕌᒍ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᐊᓂᒍᖅᐸᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᖁᕕᐊᓱᙱᒃᑯᑎᒃ. ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑎ ᑎᑎᕋᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ: ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓵᓕᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᐃᒪᕐᒥᐅᑕᐃᑦ ᐱᑕᖃᑦᑎᐊᙱᓐᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ, ᑐᒃᑐᐃᑦ, ᑎᕆᒐᓂᐊᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᒪᑦᑎᐊᕙᐃᑦ. ᐊᓐᓄᕌᖏᑦ ᐅᖅᑰᙱᓗᐊᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ, ᖃᒧᑎᖏᓪᓗ ᐊᓄᕌᖏᓪᓗ ᐱᐅᙱᖦᖢᑎᒃ ᐅᔭᖅᑲᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᒧᑦ. ᒪᓪᓕᓗᐊᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᖃᔭᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᒋᐊᒃᓴᖅ ᐊᔪᕐᓇᕈᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐸᓂᖅᑐᒧᑦ ᐊᓄᕆᒧᑦ ᕿᒻᒥᖏᑕ ᐳᕙᖏᑦ ᐊᐅᓈᓕᖅᐸᒃᖢᑎᒃ. ᐊᐳᑎᖃᑦᑎᐊᖅᖢᓂ ᐃᒡᓗᕕᒐᕐᓄᑦ ᑎᑭᓐᓇᓵᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ, ᑎᑭᑉᐸᓪᓕᐊᔪᑦ ᑐᐱᖅᓯᒪᑦᑎᐊᙱᖦᖢᑎᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᖑᕋᓱᖕᓂᖓᓂ. ᐅᖅᓱᖃᑦᑎᐊᓚᐅᙱᓚᖅ ᐃᑯᐊᓪᓚᒃᑐᓄᑦ. ᐊᓂᖅᓵᖅᑐᒐᖅ 30 degrees-ᑲᓴᑦᑎᐊᒥᒃ ᓂᒡᓚᓱᖕᓂᖅᓴᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐊᖏᕐᕋᕆᔭᑦᑎᓐᓂ, ᐊᓄᕆᒐᔪᖕᓂᖓᓄᓪᓗ 50 degrees-ᓂᒃ ᐱᐅᙱᓐᓂᖅᓴᐅᖅᑰᔨᓕᖅᖢᓂ... ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑑᑉ ᕿᑭᖅᑖᓗᐊ ᐅᒥᖕᒪᖕᓂᒃ ᐅᓄᙱᑦᑐᑯᓗᖕᓂᒃ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᐃᕙᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐸᓖᓯᒃᑯᑦ, 40 ᒪᐃᓕᓂᒃ ᐅᖓᓯᒃᑎᒋᔪᒥ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᖕᒫᕐᕕᒋᔭᖏᓐᓂᒃ, ᑐᖁᑕᐅᔭᕆᐊᖃᓚᐅᙱᓚᑦ. ᐱᕐᓕᕋᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓂᕆᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᑎᖕᒥᐊᑉ ᓱᓗᖏᓐᓂᒃ, ᖃᔪᓕᐅᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᑲᒥᐊᓗᖕᓂᒃ.[2] ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᐅᑎᓚᐅᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᐊᐃᒃᖠᕆᐊᖅᑐᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᑖᒃᑯᓂᖓ ᐃᓚᒌᓂᒃ ᐊᕐᕌᒍ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᐊᓂᒍᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓗ, ᐃᓚᖏᑦ ᐅᖃᖅᐸᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᑲᒪᓇᖅᑐᒥᒃ, ᐊᓐᓇᐅᒪᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ. ᑖᓐᓇ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓ ᓱᓕ ᐊᑲᐅᙱᓕᐅᕈᑕᐅᓂᖅᐹᖑᖃᑕᐅᕗᖅ. ᕈᐃᔪᓪ ᑲᒥᓴᓐᑯᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᑐᒥᓂᕐᓄᑦ ᑕᐃᓯᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓ "ᐱᐅᙱᓛᖑᖃᑕᐅᔪᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᓱᕋᐃᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᑕᐃᒪᙵᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ." ᓯᕗᓕᐅᖅᑏᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓂᒃ ᐅᑎᖅᑎᑦᑎᓚᐅᕋᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ 10 ᒥᓕᐊᓂᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᕿᒪᒃᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᐃᓚᖏᓐᓄᓪᓗ, ᓱᓕ ᒪᒥᐊᕝᕕᐅᔭᕆᐊᖃᖅᐳᑦ. ᓄᓇᕗᑦ ᑐᙵᕕᒃᑯᑦ ᑎᓕᓯᔪᒪᕗᑦ ᓇᑉᐸᐃᔪᒪᓪᓗᑎᒡᓗ ᒪᕐᕉᖕᓂᒃ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᐅᔫᖕᓂᒃ ­­- ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒥ ᐊᐃᑉᐸᖓᓗ ᖃᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒥ - ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᔾᔪᑕᐅᓂᐊᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑐᓐᓂᖅᑯᑎᒋᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔭᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᑖᒃᑯᓄᖓ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓄᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ. 2010 ᐊᐅᔭᖓᑕ ᓄᙳᐊᓂ ᓴᖅᑭᑦᑎᓛᕈᒪᔪᒍᑦ ᓂᕆᐅᒃᐳᒍᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᓕᒫᒥ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥᓗ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᓕᕐᓂᐊᕐᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐱᐅᓯᕆᕙᓚᐅᖅᑕᖏᓐᓂᒃ. ᒫᓐᓇᐅᑎᓪᓗᒍ "ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᑦ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᕆᔭᐅᓂᖓ" ᐃᓱᒪᒋᔭᐅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᒐᕙᒪᓕᕆᔨᓄᑦ, ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᔪᓕᕆᔨᓄᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᐱᕕᒃᓴᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᕆᔭᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᓂᕆᐅᒃᑐᓄᑦ ᓯᑯᖃᙱᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᓱᓪᓗᐊᓗᒃ ᐅᐊᓕᓂᕐᒥᑦ ᕿᑭᖅᑖᓗᖕᒧᑦ ᑕᕆᐅᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᖅᑯᑎᖓᒍᑦ, ᐊᑲᐅᓈᕐᓂᖅᓴᖅᑕᖃᙱᓚᖅ ᐃᖅᑲᐃᑎᑦᑎᒋᐊᒃᓴᖅ: ᑖᓐᓇ ᓄᓇ ᐱᒋᔭᐅᕗᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᒧᑦ ᓄᓇᙳᐊᑎᒍᑦ ᑎᑎᖅᑐᒐᖅᓯᒪᙱᖦᖢᑎᒃ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑭᓱᓕᒫᑦᑎᐊᓂᒃ ᑐᓐᓂᖅᑯᑎᖃᓚᐅᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᑕᒫᓂᒥᐅᑕᐅᔪᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ. [1] McGrath, Melanie, The Long Exile: A True Story of Deception and Survival among the Inuit of the Canadian Arctic, London: Fourth Estate, ᒪᒃᐱᒐᖅ 302. [2] ᕈᐃᑦ, ᐃᓕᓴᐱ, "Trail of Tears", New York Times Book Review; ᐄᐳᕈ 8; ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᖃᕐᕕᒃ, ᒪᒃᐱᖅᑐᒐᖅ 10.

ᑎᑭᑕᐅᓇᓱᐊᖅᑐᑦ

• ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᒃᓱᒻᒪᕆᐊᓗᒃ ᑐᓐᓂᖅᑯᑎᖃᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ 1953-ᒥ.
• ᓴᖅᑭᔮᖅᑎᒃᑲᓐᓂᕐᓗᒍ ᔭᒐᔾᔭᐃᕐᓗᒍᓗ ᑖᓐᓇ ᓄᓇᕘᑉ ᐱᐅᓯᕆᓯᒪᔭᖓ ᓴᓇᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᒪᕐᕉᖕᓂᒃ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᐅᖏᓐᓇᕐᓂᐊᖅᑑᖕᓂᒃ.
• ᐃᓚᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᓄᓇᓖᑦ ᖃᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᕐᒥᐅᑦ ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒥᐅᓪᓗ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᑕᐅᓂᖏᓐᓂᒡᓗ, ᓂᕆᕕᒡᔪᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᓗᑎᒃ, ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖅᑐᖃᕐᓗᓂᓗ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᖅᑎᑦᑎᓗᑎᒡᓗ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ.
• ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓱᐃᕙᓪᓕᐊᔪᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᓕᒫᒥ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᓕᒫᒥᓗ ᓈᓚᒃᑎᓂᒃ ᓴᖅᑭᔮᖅᑎᑉᐸᒡᓗᒋᑦ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᔪᓕᕆᔨᑦ ᒫᓐᓇᐅᓂᖓᓂ ᓄᓇᕘᑉ ᐊᑐᖅᐸᓚᐅᖅᑕᖏᓐᓂ.
• ᓴᖅᑮᓗᑎᒃ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕋᓛᓂᒃ ᐊᑐᕈᓐᓇᕋᔭᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᑖᑦᓱᒧᖓ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒧᑦ ᐊᓪᓗᕆᐊᕈᑕᐅᓗᓂ ᐋᖅᑭᑦᓱᐃᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᑕᒫᑦ ᐅᓪᓗᕐᒥᒃ ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᔭᐅᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᑦᓱᕈᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓄᑦᑎᖅᑕᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ.
• ᑕᑯᑎᑦᑐᒪᓪᓗᒍ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᖅ ᑲᓇᑕ ᐱᑖᕆᓯᒪᖕᒪᒍ ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒥ ᓱᓕ ᓴᙱᔫᕗᖅ ᓲᖃᐃᒻᒪ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᑦ ᐃᓅᖏᓐᓇᕐᒪᑕ ᐊᔪᖅᓴᙱᖦᖢᑎᒡᓗ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑑᑉ ᓄᓇᓕᖏᓐᓂ.
• ᒪᒥᐊᕝᕕᐅᔪᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᒐᕙᒪᑐᖃᒃᑯᓐᓂᑦ.

ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᐃᑦ

‘High Arctic Exiles’  Bibliography Courtesy of Jack Hicks

ᒪᑭᕝᕕᒃ ᑯᐊᐳᕇᓴᓐ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᐱᕇᒃᓴᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ. (1983) "ᑐᓂᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᓕᒃ ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒥ/ᖃᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒥ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᑕ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖓ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᕐᕕᒡᔪᐊᖓᑕ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕋᓛᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ." ᕼᐋᒪᓐ, ᒫᒃ ᒪ. (1984) ᐅᓂᒃᑳᓕᐊᖅ ᖃᐅᔨᔭᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᓱᓕᓂᐊᕐᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖃᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᐊᕐᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐅᑎᖅᑎᑕᐅᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᖃᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒥ ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒥᓗ ᐊᖏᕐᕋᑐᖃᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐳᐊᑦ ᕼᐃᐅᕆᓴᓐᒥ (ᐃᓄᒃᔪᐊᒃ) ᐊᒻᒪ ᒥᑦᑎᒪᑕᓕᖕᒥ. ᐃᓄᓕᕆᔨᑐᖃᒃᑯᑦ. ᓘᑐ, ᑮᑦ. (1989) "ᐊᔪᕈᓐᓃᖅᓴᕐᓂᖅ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖃᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ: ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᖓ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓂᑯᑦ 1953-ᒥ." M.A. Thesis, ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᒡᔪᐊᖓᓂ ᑳᓪᒍᕆᒥ. 140 pp. ᒪᑭᕕᒃ ᑯᐊᐳᕇᓴᓐ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᐱᕇᒃᓴᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ. (1990) "ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᖅ/ᖃᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓂᑯᑦ ᐱᔾᔪᑕᐅᔪᖅ."

[ᑐᓂᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᕐᕕᒡᔪᐊᖓᑕ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕋᓛᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᒫᑦᓯ] ᓇᓗᓇᐃᕈᑎᒃᓴᖅᑕᖃᒻᒪᕆᒃᑐᖅ ᕿᑎᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ, ᑖᓐᓇᑐᐊᖑᙱᒃᑯᓂᓘᓐᓃᑦ, ᐱᔾᔪᑕᐅᔪᖅ ᓅᑕᐅᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒧᑦ ᐱᔪᒪᓂᕆᓚᐅᖅᑕᖓᓄᑦ ᑲᓇᑕ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖃᕐᓂᕐᒥᓂᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑑᑉ ᕿᑭᖅᑕᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᕙᑖᓂᖏᓐᓂᒡᓗ. ᐄᓛᒃ, ᓱᓕᔪᓂᒃ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᕈᑎᒃᓴᖅᑕᖃᓗᐊᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᖃᓄᐃᒻᒪᑦ ᐃᓚᖏᑦ ᓄᓇᐃᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᕐᒪᖔᑕ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ 'ᐃᑲᔫᑎᒃᓴᖃᑦᑎᐊᙱᓐᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ' ᐊᓯᖏᓪᓗ ᓄᓇᐃᑦ 'ᐱᔾᔪᑎᒃᓴᖃᑦᑎᐊᙱᓐᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ.' Marcus, Alan R. (1990) "Out in the cold: The legacy of Canada's People Retransfer Experiment in the High Arctic." M.Phil. Thesis, ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᒡᔪᐊᖅ Cambridge, Scott Polar Research Institute. 72 pp. ᓄᖓᒃ, ᔭᐃᐱᑎ. (1990). "ᓅᑕᐅᓂᑯᑦ ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒥ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ." ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑑᑉ ᑭᒡᓕᙳᐊᖓ ᓯᑎᐱᕆ/ᐅᑐᐱᕆ. ᒪᒃᐱᒐᖅ 36-43. ᒪᑭᕝᕕᒃ ᑯᐊᐳᕇᓴᓐ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᐱᕇᒃᓴᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ. (1990) "ᑐᓂᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᓖᑦ ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒥ/ᖃᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒥ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓂᕕᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᕐᕕᒡᔪᐊᖓᑕ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕋᓛᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ." ᑲᓇᑕ, ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᕐᕕᒡᔪᐊᖓᓂ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕋᓛᖑᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ. (1990) "ᑲᑎᒪᔾᔪᑎᕕᓃᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᕈᑎᒃᓴᑦ." ᕼᐃᒃᔅ ᑯᐊᐳᕆᓴᓐ. (1990) "ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᓱᓕᔪᓂᒃ ᐸᓯᔭᐅᔾᔪᑎᕕᓂᕐᓂᒃ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕋᓛᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᑐᒥᓂᕐᓄᑦ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᒃᔪᐊᑉ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓚᒌᑦ 1950-ᖏᓐᓂ."

[ᐅᓂᒃᑳᓕᐊᖅ ᑐᓂᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐃᓄᓕᕆᔨᑐᖃᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ] ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᕆᔭᕗᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑦᑎᕗᖅ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᓪᓗᐊᑕᖓ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᕈᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᒧᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᔭᐅᖅᑐᐃᔪᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐃᓚᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓚᒌᓂᒃ ᓄᒃᑎᖁᔨᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒧᑦ ᑕᐃᔅᓱᒪᓂ ᐃᓱᒫᓘᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᖕᒪᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓅᓯᖏᑦ ᐱᐅᓯᕚᓪᓕᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᐱᓗᐊᖅᑐᒥ ᕼᐊᑦᓴᓐ ᐸᐃᒥ. ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᑕᐃᒃᑯᓇᙵᑦ ᑲᑕᒃᓯᒪᔪᓂ ᓄᓇᓂᑦ ᑕᑯᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ, ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓄᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ, ᓄᖅᑲᖅᑎᑦᑎᔾᔪᑕᐅᓇᓱᒃᖢᓂ ᐱᕈᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᓂᖃᐃᓱᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑐᕚᖃᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᑖᓂᒃ ᐱᐅᓂᖅᓴᓂᒡᓗ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᐅᕈᑎᒃᓴᖃᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐱᐅᓯᕚᓪᓕᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᖕᓂᕐᒥᒃ, ᒥᑭᒋᐊᕐᓂᐊᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᐅᕈᓐᓇᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ. ><>> <<(1991). "ᒪᒥᐊᕝᕕᐅᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᓅᑕᐅᓂᑯᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ." 1:5. ᒪᒃᐱᒐᖅ 13. ᒋᑉᓴᓐ, F. ᕌᔅ. (1991). "ᒪᒥᐊᒋᐊᖃᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᑐᓄᑦ." ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᑭᒡᓕᙳᐊᖅ ᓯᑎᐱᕆ/ᐅᑐᐱᕆ. ᒪᒃᐱᒐᖅ 8.

[ᑎᑎᖅᑲᖅ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑎᒧᑦ] "... ᐸᓖᓯᐅᔪᖓ ᐊᐃᔅᓯᓚᐅᖅᑐᖓ ᐱᖃᑎᒋᓪᓗᒋᓪᓗ ᐃᔅᑭᒨᓂᒃ ᖁᑦᑎᑦᑐᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᖃᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᑲᐅᙱᓕᐅᕈᑕᐅᔪᓕᒫᓂᒃ... ᓇᓗᓇᐃᑦᑎᐊᕈᒪᔭᕋ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᔪᖅ ᑲᔪᓯᓚᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓕ ᑲᔪᓯᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᖃᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ. ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖑᔪᑦ ᑐᓂᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᑲᒥᓯᓇᖓᓄᑦ ᐸᓖᓯᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓄᓕᕆᔨᑐᖃᒃᑯᑦ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᔪᖅ. ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓪᓚᕆᒃᖢᖓ, ᐊᖏᖃᑎᒋᙱᑕᒃᑲ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᑐᑦ. ᐅᐱᒋᕙᕋ ᐊᒪᕈᐊᓕᒃ ᒥᑦᑎᒪᑕᓕᖕᒥᐅᑕᖅ ᐱᐅᓕᑦᑎᓚᐅᕐᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᔪᒥᒃ ᐱᕐᕈᓗᐊᕿᓂᕐᒧᑦ. ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑯᐸᐃᒃ ᑕᕐᕋᖓᓂ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓚᐅᙱᒻᒪᑕ ᓄᓗᐊᓕᐅᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᓯᑯᐅᑉ ᐊᑖᒍᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓇᓐᓄᒐᓱᖕᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᑯᓂᐊᓗᒃ ᑖᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ. ᐊᖏᖃᑎᒋᔭᕋ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᑐᑦ ᐳᓛᕆᐊᖅᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᓚᐅᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᐃᓚᒥᓄᑦ; ᖃᐅᔨᒪᒐᑦᑕ, ᖃᓂᒌᑦᑎᐊᕐᒪᑕ. ᐊᓯᐊᒍᓪᓕ, ᐃᓱᒪᔪᖓ ᐊᒃᓱᐊᓗᒃ ᖁᕕᐊᓱᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᓅᑦᑐᓐᓇᓚᐅᕐᒪᑕ. ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᔪᖅ ᑲᔪᓯᓯᒪᙱᑦᑑᖏᓐᓇᐅᔭᕐᒪᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᔾᔨᐅᙱᑦᑑᓪᓗᓂ. ᐅᖃᐅᓯᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓐᖏᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᖅ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓂᐊᕐᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᑎᓴᒪᑦ ᓯᓚᓐᓂᐊᕐᕖᑦ ᖁᑦᑎᑦᑐᒥ: ᐊᐃᓴᓴᓐ, ᐅᖁᒑᖅ, ᔪᕇᑲ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᓘᑦ. ᑲᓇᑕ ᓯᕗᒃᑲᖅᑕᖅᑎᐅᖃᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᑕᒪᑐᒥᙵ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᓂᐅᔪᒥᒃ. ᐊᒻᒪᓗᑦᑕᐅᖅ, 1955-ᒥ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᑕᓕᒫᑦ ᑎᑭᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᖃᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒧᑦ ᐅᓯᑲᑦᑕᕆᐊᖅᑐᖅᑐᑎᒃ ᖁᑦᑎᑦᑐᒥ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᕕᐅᔪᓂᒃ. ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᓕᒫᒥ ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᖓᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᒋᓛᖅᑕᖓ ᑭᖑᓂᐊᒍᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᒻᒪᕆᓚᐅᕆᕗᑦ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᖁᑦᑎᑦᑐᒥ. ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖅ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᒥᓱᓄᑦ ᑲᔪᓯᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᔪᓄᑦ ᑕᐃᔅᓱᒪᓂ. ᐃᓄᓕᕆᔨᑐᖃᒃᑯᑦ ᒥᓂᔅᑕᖓ ᑖᒻ ᓯᑕᓐ ᒪᒥᐊᒋᐊᖃᖅᑐᒋᙱᓚᕋ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᑐᓄᑦ. ᐄ, ᓅᑕᐅᖃᑎᒋᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔭᒃᑲ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᓪᓗᒥ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᓕᖅᑐᖓ, ᒪᕐᕉᓐᓂᒃ ᓰᖅᑯᖃᖅᓱᖓ, ᓴᕝᕕᒃᑯᑦ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᓕᖅᓱᖓ, ᐆᒻᒪᑎᕐᓗᑦᑐᓂ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑳᓐᓱᖃᖅᓱᓂ ᑮᓇᒃᑯᑦ ᖁᐊᕐᒧᑦ ᖃᐅᒪᔪᒧᓪᓗ. ᐊᔾᔨᐅᖏᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᑲᒪᒋᔭᐅᓂᐊᖅᑐᒋᓐᖏᑦᑐᖓ, ᐃᓱᒪᒋᒐᒃᑯᓕ ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᔪᖅ ᐊᑑᑎᖃᑦᑎᐊᓚᐅᕐᓂᖓᓂᒃ. ᐃᓱᒪᔪᖓ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓕ, ᐸᓖᓯᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᓯᖏᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᕕᖏᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᐃᓯᒪᖏᒻᒪᑕ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᑕᒪᑐᒧᖓ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒧᑦ. ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᖅᐳᖓ ᐸᓯᔭᐅᔾᔪᑎᒋᓚᐅᖅᑕᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᓚᐅᔪᑦ. ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᓕᐊᕆᔭᐃᑦ ᖁᕕᐊᒋᑦᑎᐊᖅᑕᕋ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐃᓱᒪᕗᖓ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᑕᐅᔪᑦ ᐃᓚᐃᓐᓇᖓᒎᖓᖅᑰᔨᖕᒪᑕ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᐃᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᑐᓂᒃ. ᑕᐃᑲᓃᓚᐅᖅᐳᖓ." ᒍᕌᓐᑦ, ᓰᓚ ᑎ. (1991). "'ᓄᓇᖓ ᐄᑕᓐ': ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖃᕐᓂᖅ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᒃᓱᕈᕐᓂᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒥ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ." ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᑕᐅᑐᒃᑕᖏᑦ 19:1. ᒪᒃᐱᒐᖅ 3-29. ᕼᐄᔪᓪ, ᓯᑏᕙᓐ. (1991). "ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒥ ᓅᑕᐅᓂᑯᑦ: ᓈᒻᒪᒃᓴᙱᓐᓂᖅ: ᖃᓄᐃᒻᒪᑦ ᒪᒥᐊᓐᓂᖅ ᐅᓄᙱᑦᑐᑯᓗᖕᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ ᐊᒃᓱᕈᓚᐅᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᒋᔭᒥᓄᑦ ᐊᔪᕐᓇᖅᑐᒻᒪᕆᐊᓘᕙ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ?" ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᑭᒡᓕᙳᐊᖅ ᓄᕕᐱᕆ/ᑎᓯᐱᕆ. ᒪᒃᐱᒐᖅ 35-6. ---. (1991). "ᖁᑦᑎᑦᑐᒥ ᓄᓇᑖᕆᔭᐅᓂᑯᑦ: ᐊᐱᖅᑯᑎ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ." ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᐃᓱᒪᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ 19:1. ᒪᒃᐱᒐᖅ 30-1. ᒫᑲᔅ, ᐋᓚᓐ ᕋ. (1991). "ᓂᒡᓚᓱᒃᑐᒥ: ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐆᒃᑐᕋᐅᑎᖏᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒧᑦ ᖃᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒧᓪᓗ." ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ 27:163. ᒪᒃᐱᒐᖅ 285-96.

1953-55-ᒥ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦ ᐆᒃᑐᕋᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑎᑦᑎᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᒃ (ᐃᔅᑭᒨᓂᒃ) ᐃᓚᒌᓂᒃ ᐳᐊᑦ ᕼᐃᐅᕆᓴᓐ (ᐃᓄᒃᔪᐊᒃ), ᑯᐸᐃᒃ ᐅᖓᕙᐅᑉ ᓄᕗᐊᓂ, ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑑᑉ ᕿᑭᖅᑖᓗᐊᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᒪᕐᕈᓕᕿᕿᓄᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑑᑉ ᕿᑭᖅᑕᖏᓐᓂ. ᐅᓪᓗᒥᐅᔪᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓂᑯᑦ ᐅᖃᖅᐳᑦ ᓯᓚᐃᕐᕆᔭᐅᓚᐅᕐᓂᕐᒥᓂᒃ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᒃᓱᕉᓴᒃᑐᒻᒪᕆᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕈᑕᐅᔪᒧᑦ. ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᐅᖃᖅᐳᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓂᕆᓚᐅᖅᑕᖓ ᐃᓄᖕᒧᑦ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᖅᖢᓂ. ᐊᑲᐅᙱᓕᐅᕈᑕᐅᔪᖅ ᒫᓐᓇᓵᖑᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᓈᓚᖕᓂᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᕐᕕᒡᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕋᓛᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᑐᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑭᒃᑯᑐᐃᓐᓇᐃᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᓄᑦ. ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓᑕ ᒥᒃᓵᓄᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓱᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ, ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᔪᖅ 'ᕼᐃᒃᔅ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖅ', ᕿᐱᓗᒃᓯᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐱᑦᑎᐊᖅᑕᐅᙱᓐᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ. ᑕᕝᕙᓂ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᔪᒥ ᕼᐃᒃᔅᓕᖕ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᓕᐊᖓᓂ ᖃᐅᔨᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᕗᑦ. ᐊᔾᔨᒋᙱᖦᖢᓂᐅᒃ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᑉ ᐃᓱᓕᓐᓂᕆᔭᖓᑕ, ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐅᖃᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᐃᓚᖓᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᐱᔪᒃᓯᔾᔪᑎᒋᓚᐅᖅᑕᖓ ᓅᑎᑦᑎᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖃᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᑐᖅᖢᑎᒃ 'ᐊᑑᑎᖃᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐃᓂᖃᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ' ᕿᑭᖅᑕᓂᒃ.

ᐅᐊᑭᓐ, ᐋᓐᑐᕉ J. (1991) "ᐃᓚᐅᑎᑕᐅᓂᖅ ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒥ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ: ᕿᒥᕐᕈᓂᖅ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓂᑯᓂᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ 1953-ᒥ ᑕᐅᑐᒃᖢᒍ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐃᓚᐅᑎᑦᑎᔪᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᒃ." [ᓴᖅᑭᑕᐅᓯᒪᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖅ] ᑲᓇᑕ, ᐸᓖᓯᒃᑯᑦ. (1991) "ᐃᓗᐊᓂ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᖅ ᐸᓯᔭᐅᔾᔪᑎᒋᔭᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐸᓖᓯᒃᑯᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᑦᑎᐊᙱᓐᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ, ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᖅ ᐊᒻᒪ ᖃᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᖅ, ᐃᒻᒪᖄ 1953." ᒫᑲᔅ, ᐋᓚᓐ R. (1992) Out in the cold: ᑭᖑᕚᖏᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓂᑯᑦ ᐆᑦᑐᕋᖅᑕᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᖁᑦᑎᑦᑐᒥ. ᑰᐸᓐᕼᐊᐃᒐᓐ: ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᒌᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᑐᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ. 117 pp. [IWGIA Document no. 71] [ᕿᒥᕐᕈᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᐆᒧᖓ: ᒍᕌᓐᑦ, ᓰᓚ D. (ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᕙᓚᐅᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᕿᒥᕐᕈᓂᖅ 75:1, 1994) ᐊᒻᒪ ᕗᐊᓐᓱᓪ, ᔪᐊᔾ W. (Études/Inuit/Studies 16:1/2, 1992)] Tester, Frank J., and Peter Kulchyski. (1992) "ᓂᕈᐊᕐᓂᖅ 'ᐊᑭᓕᖅᓱᖅᑕᐅᙱᖦᖢᑎᒃ': ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒧᑦ, 1953." [ᐸᐃᑉᐹᖅ ᑐᓂᔭᐅᔪᖅ 8-ᒋᓕᖅᑕᖓᓂ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᓂᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ, ᓚᕚᓪ, ᐅᒃᑑᐱᕆ] ᒐᓐᑐ, ᒪᒡᓄᔅ. (1992) "1953-ᒥ ᓅᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᐃᓄᕐᔪᐊᑦ ᖁᑦᑎᑦᑐᒧᑦ: ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᓪᓗ." 411 pp. [ᐅᓂᒃᑳᓕᐊᖅ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓱᖅᑕᐅᔪᖅ ᐃᓄᓕᕆᔨᑐᖃᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ] ᑭᓇᐅᖕᒪᖔᑦ. (1993). "ᓅᑕᐅᓂᑯ ᑭᐅᔪᖅ ᐅᐃᓪᑭᓐᓴᓐᒧᑦ." ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑑᑉ ᑭᒡᓕᙳᐊᖓ ᐅᑭᐊᒃᓵᖅ/ᐅᑭᐅᖅ. ᒪᒃᐱᒐᖅ 5-46. [ᑎᑎᖅᑲᖅ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑎᒧᑦ 'ᓅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ, ᖃᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᖅ, ᓄᓇᑦᓯᐊᖅ'; ᑭᐅᔾᔪᑎ ᑕᒡ ᐅᐃᓪᑭᓐᓴᓐᒧᑦ ('ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓅᑕᐅᓂᑯᑦ,) ᐊᐅᔭᖓᓂ 1993-ᒥ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᓕᐊᒥ; ᑭᐅᔾᔪᑎ ᐅᐃᓪᑭᓐᓴᓐᒧᑦ ᐅᐱᕐᙶᒃᑯᑦ 1994-ᒥ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᓕᐊᒥ] ᐳᕋᑎ, ᕼᐃᐅ. (1993) "ᐃᓚᖏᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᕙᓚᐅᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒥ ᓅᑕᐅᓂᑯᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᓯᒪᔭᖏᑦ." [ᑐᓂᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᕈᐃᔪᓪ ᑲᒥᓴᓐᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᑐᒡᓕᐊᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᐅᙱᑦᑐᒃᑯᑦ ᓈᓚᖕᓂᖃᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒥ ᓅᑕᐅᓂᑯᓄᑦ, ᐋᑐᕚ ᐋᓐᑎᐅᕆᐅ] ᐅᐃᓪᑭᓐᓴᓐ, ᑕᒡ. (1993). "ᐊᔾᔨᒌᙱᓐᓂᖏᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᔪᑦ." ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑑᑉ ᑭᒡᓕᙳᐊᖓ ᐊᐅᔭᒃᑯᑦ. ᒪᒃᐱᒐᖅ 32-3. [ᑭᐅᔾᔪᑎ 'ᓅᑕᐅᓂᑯᒧᑦ, ᖃᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᖅ ᓄᓇᑦᓯᐊᖅ' ᐅᑭᐊᒃᓵᒃᑯᑦ/ᐅᑭᐅᒃᑯᑦ 1993-ᒥ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᒃᓴᖅ; ᑭᐅᔾᔪᑕᐅᔪᖅ ᐅᐱᕐᙶᒃᑯᑦ 1994-ᒥ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᓕᐊᒥ] ᐅᐃᓕᐊᒻᓴᓐ, ᕌᐳᑦ G. (1993) "ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᔪᑦ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᕆᔭᐅᕙᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖓᓂ: ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᖃᑎᒌᖕᓂᖏᑦ 1900 ᕿᑎᖅᐸᓯᐊᓄᑦ ᑎᑭᖦᖢᒍ: ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒌᑦ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᖏᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒧᑦ." [ᐅᓂᒃᑳᓕᐊᖅ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓱᖅᑕᐅᔪᖅ ᕈᐃᔪᓪ ᑲᒥᓴᓐᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ] ᐳᐃᓴᒃ, ᕆᒃ. (1993). "ᓯᑯ ᐱᐊ ᐊᒻᒪ ᒐᕙᒪᓕᕆᔨᑦ: ᓂᒡᓚᓱᒃᑐᖅ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖅᑐᐊᖅ ᒫᓐᑕᕆᓐ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᕐᒥᐅᑦ." Ottawa Magazine pp. 23-44. ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᐱᕇᒃᓴᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ. (1994) "ᐊᑐᓕᖁᔭᐅᔪᖅ # 67: ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒥ ᓅᑕᐅᓂᑯᑦ."

[ᐃᓗᐊᓃᑦᑐᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᐱᕇᒃᓴᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑐᓂᔭᖓᓂ ᕈᐃᔪᓪ ᑲᒥᓴᓐᑯᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ] ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᖓ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᔭᕆᐊᖃᖅᐳᖅ ᓱᕋᐃᓂᕐᒥᓂᒃ ᐅᒃᐱᕆᔭᐅᔭᕆᐊᖃᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒥ ᓅᑕᐅᓂᑯᓄᑦ -- ᓱᕋᐃᓂᖅ ᐃᒪᓐᓇ:

• began during the planning of the relocation;
• was amplified by the refusal to rectify the situation by allowing the relocatees to return to their home community; and which,
• persists to the present day with the federal government's continued denials of any wrongdoing.

[ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᐱᕇᒃᓴᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑐᓂᓯᒪᔭᖏᑦ ᕈᐃᔪᓪ ᑲᒥᓴᓐᑯᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ] ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᔪᖅ ᐃᑲᔪᕐᓂᕆᓚᐅᖅᑕᖓ ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒥ ᓅᑕᐅᓂᑯᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖃᕐᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒥ ᐃᓕᓴᕆᔭᐅᔭᕆᐊᖃᖅᐳᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᓐᓄᑦ. ---. (1994) "ᐊᑐᓕᖁᔭᐅᔪᖅ # 69: ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒥ ᓅᑕᐅᓂᑯᑦ."

[ᐃᓗᐊᓃᑦᑐᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᐱᕇᒃᓴᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑐᓂᔭᖓᓂ ᕈᐃᔪᓪ ᑲᒥᓴᓐᑯᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ] ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᖓ ᐃᕐᖐᓐᓇᖅ ᐊᒻᒪ ᒪᒥᐊᓪᓚᕆᒋᐊᖃᖅᐳᖅ ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒥ ᓅᑕᐅᓂᑯᓄᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᒃᓱᕈᕐᓇᕐᓂᕆᓚᐅᖅᑕᖏᓐᓂᒃ, ᐋᓐᓂᐊᕐᓂᕆᓚᐅᖅᑕᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᒃᓱᕈᕐᓇᖅᑐᒃᑰᕐᓂᕆᓚᐅᖅᑕᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᑭᖑᕙᓯᖕᓂᕆᓚᐅᖅᑕᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᕿᐱᓗᖕᓂᕆᓚᐅᖅᑕᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᖏᕈᑎᒋᓯᒪᔭᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐅᑎᖅᑎᑦᑎᔪᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᓄᓇᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᑕᐃᒪᐃᒍᒪᒍᑎᒃ<> ---. (1994) "ᐊᑐᓕᖁᔭᐅᔪᖅ # 70: ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒥ ᓅᑕᐅᓂᑯᑦ."

[ᐃᓗᐊᓃᑦᑐᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᐱᕇᒃᓴᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑐᓂᓯᒪᔭᖏᓐᓂ ᕈᐃᔪᓪ ᑲᒥᓴᓐᑯᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ] ᒐᕙᒪᑐᖃᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᑭᓖᓪᓗᐊᖅᑐᑦ ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒥ ᓅᑕᐅᓂᑯᓂᒃ ᐊᒃᓱᕈᕐᓇᖅᑐᒃᑰᕐᓂᕆᓚᐅᖅᑕᖏᓐᓄᑦ, ᐋᓐᓂᐊᕐᓂᕆᓚᐅᖅᑕᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᒃᓱᕈᕐᓂᕆᓚᐅᖅᑕᖏᓐᓄᑦ, ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖅ ᐱᖁᑎᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᓯᐅᔨᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᓄᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᑲᔪᕐᓂᕆᓚᐅᖅᑕᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖃᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒥ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ. ᖃᓄᓕᒫᖅ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑕᐅᔭᕆᐊᖃᖅᐳᑦ ᖃᑕᙳᑎᒌᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓄᓇᓖᑦ ᓅᑕᐅᖃᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᒪᒥᓴᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ. ---. (1994) "ᐊᑐᓕᖁᔭᐅᔪᖅ # 71: ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒥ ᓅᑕᐅᓂᑯᑦ."

[ᐃᓗᐊᓃᑦᑐᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᐱᕇᒃᓴᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑐᓂᓯᒪᔭᖏᓐᓂ ᕈᐃᔪᓪ ᑲᒥᓴᓐᑯᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᑐᒥᓂᕐᓄᑦ] ᕈᐃᔪᓪ ᑲᒥᓴᓐ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᑐᒥᓂᕐᓄᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᓪᓗᐊᖅᑐᑦ ᖃᓄᖅ ᒐᕙᒪᑐᖃᒃᑯᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖅᓯᒪᒻᒪᖔᑕ ᖁᑦᑎᑦᑐᒥ ᓅᑕᐅᓂᑯᓂᒃ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᓂ ᖁᓕᓂ ᐊᓂᒍᖅᑐᓂ:

• <>ᐊᖏᙱᓐᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒥ ᓅᑕᐅᓂᑯᑦ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᑐᖅᓯᒪᔭᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᓱᓕᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ;
• ᑎᓕᓯᓂᖅ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᕐᔪᐊᖅᑐᒥ ᒐᕙᒪᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᒪᒥᐊᓐᓂᐅᔪᒥ ᐃᓄᖕᒥ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓂᖃᑦᑎᐊᙱᑦᑐᒥ ᐱᔾᔪᑕᐅᔪᓂ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᔭᕆᐊᓕᖕᓂ; ᐊᒻᒪᓗ,
• ᐅᖃᐅᓯᕆᓚᐅᖅᑕᖏᑦ ᒥᓂᔅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑑᑉ ᑐᙵᕕᖃᖅᑎᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᓱᓕᙱᓐᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᓱᓕᙱᖦᖢᑎᒡᓗ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᒃᑯᑦ.

ᑲᓇᑕ, Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples. (1994) The High Arctic Retransfer: A report on the 1953-55 ᓅᑕᐅᓂᕕᓂᖏᑦ. ᐋᑐᕚ, ᐋᓐᑎᐅᕆᐅ. 190 pp. [2 vols. Summary of supporting information] ᑭᐊᓂ, ᔨᕌᑦ I. (1994) ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᐳᔪᕐᓗᒃ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑕᕐᕋᖅᑑᑏᑦ. Prescott ON_: Voyageur Publishing. 143 pp. [ᕿᒥᕐᕈᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᐆᒧᖓ: ᑎᒃᓴᓐ, ᕉᓴᓖᓐ (The Hill Times 1995 ᕕᕗᐊᕆ 9); ᒐᓐᑐ, ᒪᒡᓄᔅ (ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑑᑉ ᓂᐱᖓ 32:182, 1996); ᐊᒻᒪᓗ, ᕕᓕᑉᔅ, R.A.J. (The Ottawa Citizen 1995 ᕕᕗᐊᕆ 5)] Tester, Frank J., and Peter Kulchyski. (1994) ᑕᒻᒫᕐᓃᑦ (ᑕᒻᒪᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ): ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑑᑉ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖓᓂ, 1939-63. ᕚᓐᑰᕙ, ᐳᕆᑎᔅ ᑲᓚᒻᐱᐊ: ᐳᕆᑎᔅ ᑲᓚᒻᐱᐊᒥ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᒡᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᔪᑦ. 440 pp. [ᕿᒥᕐᕈᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᐆᒧᖓ: ᐸᓚᐃᒃ, ᑕᐃᔪᓪ (ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᓕᐅᕐᓂᖅ 148, 1996); ᔫᓪ, ᐲᑕ (?); ᐊᒻᒪᓗ, ᒫᑲᔅ, ᐋᓚᓐ ᕋ. (Études/Inuit/Studies 19:1, 1995)] ᒪᑭᕝᕕᒃ ᑯᐊᐳᕇᓴᓐ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᐱᕇᒃᓴᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ. (1994) "ᑐᓂᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᒥᓂᔅᑕᒧᑦ ᐃᓄᓕᕆᔨᑐᖃᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ (DIAND) ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᖁᑦᑎᑦᑐᒥ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓂᑯᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᒋᐊᖅᑕᐅᖁᔭᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᑭᓕᖅᑕᐅᔪᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ." ᒫᑲᔅ, ᐋᓚᓐ ᕋ. (1995) ᓅᑎᕆᓂᖅ ᐃᑕᓐᒥᒃ: ᑕᐅᑦᑐᐊ ᐊᒻᒪ ᒐᕙᒪᓕᕆᓂᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓅᑕᐅᓂᑯᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖓᓂ. ᕼᐊᓐᕗᕐ NH ᐊᒻᒪ ᓚᓐᑕᓐ: ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᒡᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᔪᑦ ᓂᐅ ᐃᖕᓚᓐᒥ. 272 pp. [ᕿᒥᕐᕈᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᐆᒧᖓ: ᐊᐃᐳᓪ, ᑭᐅᕆ (ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᒥ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᕙᓚᐅᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᕿᒥᕐᕈᓂᖅ 102:1, 1997); ᐋᐳᕆ, ᔮᒃ (The Ottawa Citizen, ᐋᒡᒌᓯ 12, 1995); ᕗᕇᒪᓐ, ᒥᐅᓪᑕᓐ M.R. (ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᖃᖃᑎᒌᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᖃᖃᑎᒌᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦ 20:3, 1997); ᕼᐊᑦᒋᓐᔅ, ᐳᕉᔅ (ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖅ 49:2, 1996); ᑭᐊᓂ, ᔨᕌᑦ (ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ 180, ᔭᓄᐊᕆ 1996); ᐊᒻᒪᓗ, Schweitzer, Peter (Ethnohistory 44:2, 1997)] ᕼᐃᒃᔅ, ᔮᒃ. (1997) "ᓅᑕᐅᔪᑦ 'ᑭᐅᔾᔪᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ' ᐊᕕᒃᑐᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᑎᑕᐅᙱᓗᐊᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ: ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓂᑯᑦ." 12 pp. [ᐸᐃᑉᐹᑦ ᑐᓂᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᒪᔅᓴᓕᒃ ᐆᒃᑑᑎᒋᓗᒍ ᐊᕕᒃᑐᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᓂᖃᙱᓗᐊᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ, ᐃᓕᓯᒪᑐᓴᕐᕕᒃ (ᑲᓛᖦᖡᑦ ᓄᓈᓐᓂ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᒡᔪᐊᖅ), ᓅᒃ, ᑲᓛᖦᖡᑦ ᓄᓈᓐᓂ, ᔭᓄᐊᕆ] ᓯᐅᓪᕗᔅᑑᓐ, ᓵᒻ. (1999). "ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒥ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓂᑯᑦ 1950-ᖏᓐᓂ: ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᓐᓇᐅᒪᓂᖏᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᓱᖁᑎᒃᓴᙱᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ." Makivik ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᖅ 50. ᒪᒃᐱᒐᖅ 17-9. ᒪᒃᒍᕌᑦ, ᒥᓚᓂ. (2006) ᐊᑯᓂᐊᓗᒃ ᓅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓂᖅ: ᓱᓕᔪᒥᒃ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖅᑐᐊᖅ ᓴᒡᓗᕿᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᓐᓇᐅᒪᓂᕐᒥᒡᓗ ᐃᓄᖕᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖓᓂ. ᓚᓐᑕᓐ: ᑎᓴᒪᖓᑦ ᐱᖁᑎᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ. ᒪᒃᐱᒐᖅ 302.

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ᓘᑎ ᐱᔾᔭᒥᓂ

ᓘᑎ ᐱᔾᔭᒥᓂ ᐃᓅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᓄᕕᐱᕆ 14, 1953-ᒥ, ᑲᖏᖅᑐᒑᐱᒻᒥ. ᐊᑖᑕᖓ ᐸᓖᓯᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᔾᔭᒥᓂ ᐃᓚᒌᑦ ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒧᑦ ᓄᑲᑉᐱᐊᖑᓪᓗᓂ. ᓘᑎ ᑕᐃᑲᓂ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᓯᒪᓕᖅᑐᖅ ᓄᓕᐊᕇᒃ, ᑕᓪᓕᒪᑦ ᕿᑐᕐᖓᖏᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᖓᓱᑦ ᐃᕐᖑᑕᖏᑦ. 15-ᓂᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᖃᓕᖅᖢᓂ, ᓘᑎ ᓴᓇᙳᐊᖃᑦᑕᓕᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ. ᖃᓄᐃᑦᑐᑐᐃᓐᓇᕐᓂᒃ ᓴᓇᙳᐊᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᓲᕐᓗ ᐅᔭᖅᑲᓂᒃ, ᓴᕕᕋᔭᖕᓂᒃ, ᑑᒑᓂᒃ, ᑐᒃᑐᓂᒃ, ᓇᒡᔪᖕᓂᒃ, ᐅᒥᖕᒪᐅᑉ ᓇᒡᔪᖓᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑑᒑᓂᒃ. ᖁᕕᐊᒋᔭᖃᕐᓂᖓ ᐊᑭᑐᔪᓂᒃ ᓴᕕᕋᔭᖕᓂᒃ ᐱᐊᓂᒃᓯᔾᔪᑎᒋᓕᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔭᖓ ᐊᕐᕌᒎᖕᓄᑦ ᒪᕐᕉᖕᓄᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᖅᑖᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐱᐅᓴᐅᑎᓂᒃ ᓴᕕᕋᔭᖕᓂᓪᓗ ᓄᓇᕗᑦ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᖓᓂ. ᓘᑎ ᑎᓕᔭᐅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᓴᓇᙳᐊᖁᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᕆᔭᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᓄᐊᑦᑎᔨᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᓕᒫᒥ. ᓴᓇᙳᐊᖅᓯᒪᔭᖏᑦ ᑕᑯᒃᓴᐅᑎᑕᐅᕗᑦ ᐳᕆᓐᔅ ᐃᐅᓪᔅ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᐃᑦᑕᕐᓂᓴᖃᕐᕕᖕᒥ ᔭᓗᓇᐃᕝᒥ, ᓄᓇᑦᓯᐊᕐᒥ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᓕᒫᒥ, ᒍᕇᔅᒥ, ᒪᒃᓯᑯᒥ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᒥ. ᒫᔾᔨ 2003-ᒥ, ᐃᓄᑑᓪᓗᓂ ᑕᑯᒃᓴᐅᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᓴᓇᙳᐊᖅᓯᒪᔭᖏᑦ ᐃᓄᓕᕆᔨᑐᖃᒃᑯᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᕐᕕᖓᓂ ᕼᐆᓪ, ᑯᐸᐃᒃᒥ. ᐃᖃᓗᒻᒥᐅᑦ ᐃᓕᑕᖅᓯᓂᐊᖅᑐᑦ ᓯᐊᑦᓇ ᓴᓇᙳᐊᒐᖓᓂᒃ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᕐᕕᒻᒥ. ᓘᑎᐅᑉ ᑐᓂᕐᕈᓯᐊᕆᓯᒪᔭᖏᑦ ᓴᓇᙳᐊᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᖓᓱᑦ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᓴᕐᕕᒻᒥ ᐱᔭᕇᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑐᓂᕐᕈᓯᐊᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ Grand Award ᑲᓇᓐᓇᕐᒥ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑑᑉ ᓴᓇᙳᐊᒐᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᒥᖅᓱᒐᕐᓄᑦ ᓵᓚᖃᕋᓱᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ 1994-ᒥ ᓴᕕᕋᔭᒻᒥᒃ ᓴᓇᙳᐊᒐᕐᒥᒃ ᓴᓇᙳᐊᒐᕐᒥᒃ. ᓘᑎ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᖑᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᒃᑲᓐᓂᖓᓂ ᓵᓚᖃᕋᓱᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂ Great Northern Arts Festival-ᒥ 1996-ᒥ. BBC-ᑯᑦ ᐊᔾᔨᓕᐅᕆᔨᖏᑦ ᐊᔾᔨᓕᐅᕆᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᓘᑎ ᓴᓇᙳᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ 8.5 ᐃᓯᒐᐃᑦ ᑑᒑᖓᓂᒃ 42-ᓂᒃ ᓴᓇᙳᐊᒐᖃᖅᑐᓂ. ᓴᓇᙳᐊᖅᓯᒪᔭᖏᑦ ᑕᑯᒃᓴᐅᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᖕᒥᔪᑦ ᖄᖓᓂ ᓄᐊᑦᕕᔅᑎᐅᓪᑯᑦ ᐅᖄᓚᐅᑎᓯᐅᑎᖏᓐᓂ. ᐅᓪᓗᒥᐅᓕᖅᑐᖅ ᓘᑎ ᐱᓕᕆᓪᓗᐊᑕᖅᐸᒃᐳᖅ ᓴᓇᕙᒃᖢᓂ ᐃᕙᓘᔭᓂᒃ ᖃᒧᑎᓂᒃ - ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᑦᑎᐊᖑᓪᓗᓂ - ᑎᑎᖅᑐᒐᖅᐸᒃᖢᓂᓗ.

ᔭᕗᕆ ᐊᒪᕈᐊᓕᒃ

ᔭᕗᕆ ᐊᒪᕈᐊᓕᒃ 26-ᓂᒃ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᓕᒃ. ᐃᖃᓗᖕᓂ ᐃᓅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᕈᖅᓴᓪᓗᓂ ᖃᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒥ, ᑕᐃᑲᓂ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕆᐊᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ. ᐱᕈᖅᓴᓪᓗᓂ ᓴᓇᙳᐊᖃᑎᖃᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᑖᑕᑦᑎᐊᒥᓂᒃ, ᓯᒥᐅᓂ. ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᓂᖅᐹᖅ ᐃᓕᓚᐅᖅᑕᖓ ᑕᑯᓪᓗᒍ ᐅᔭᖅᑲᖅ, ᑕᐅᑐᙳᐊᕐᓗᒍ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑐᐊᕕᙱᓪᓗᓂ. ᔭᕝᕆ ᓂᕆᐅᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᖅ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᖃᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᐊᕐᓂᕐᒥᓂᒃ ᐊᑖᑕᑦᑎᐊᒥᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒧᑦ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐊᓘᔪᒥᒃ ᐃᓚᒥᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᓇᓕᖓᓄᑦ.

ᒫᑦ ᐱᔭᒥᓂ

ᒫᑦ ᐱᔾᔭᒥᓂ 28-ᓂᒃ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᓕᒃ. ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒥ ᐃᓅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᑕᐃᑲᓂᕐᒥᐅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᐃᓚᒥᓃᖦᖢᓂ. ᓴᓇᙳᐊᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᑕᐃᒪᙵᓕᒫᖅ ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᔪᓐᓇᖅᑕᒥᓂᒃ. ᒫᑦ ᐊᑖᑕᖓᑕ ᓴᓇᕝᕕᖓᓃᖏᓐᓇᐅᔭᖅᑐᖅ, ᖁᙱᐊᖅᖢᓂ ᐃᓕᑦᑎᕙᓪᓕᐊᓪᓗᓂᓗ. ᐃᑲᔪᕋᔪᒃᐸᒃᐳᖅ ᐊᑖᑕᒥᓂᒃ ᓘᑎᒥᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᕆᔭᒥᓄᑦ − ᒫᓐᓇᐅᔪᖅ ᐃᓕᑦᑎᕙᓪᓕᐊᕗᖅ ᐃᕙᓘᔭᓂᒃ ᖃᒧᑎᓕᐅᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ. ᑖᓐᓇ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᑦᑎᐊᖑᕗᖅ ᒫᑦ ᑕᐃᒪᐃᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᖏᑎᒋᔪᒥᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᖁᕕᐊᓱᑦᑎᐊᖅᖢᓂᓗ ᐊᑖᑕᒥᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᖃᕆᐊᒃᓴᖅ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᔪᒥᒃ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᙱᑦᑐᒥᒃ.

ᒪᓕᒃᑕᐅᔭᕆᐊᓖᑦ ᐊᑐᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ

ᓄᓇᕗᑦ ᑐᙵᕕᒃᑯᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᖃᖅᐳᑦ ᑖᒃᑯᓂᖓ ᐊᔾᔨᙳᐊᓂᒃ. ᐊᔾᔨᙳᐊᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᐅᕋᓱᒃᑎᐅᙱᑦᑐᓄᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᑕᐅᓗᑎᒃ "ᓄᓇᕗᑦ ᑐᙵᕕᒃᑯᑦ ᑎᒥᖓᑦ (ᕗᕌᓐᑯ ᐳᓯᒥ)". ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᐊᔾᔨᙳᐊᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᔭᕆᐊᖃᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᐅᕋᓱᒃᑎᐅᓗᑎᒃ (ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑭᒡᓕᖃᙱᖦᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᔾᔨᙳᐊᑦ ᓂᐅᕐᕈᑕᐅᓗᑎᒃ ᑐᓂᐅᖅᑲᐅᑕᐅᓗᑎᒡᓘᓐᓃᑦ, ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓗᑎᒃ ᓂᐅᕕᐊᒃᓴᓄᑦ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᐅᕋᓱᖕᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᒪᓂᓴᐅᑎᓄᑦ, ᐊᓯᖏᓐᓄᓪᓗ) ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᔪᒃᑯᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᖅᑎᑕᐅᙱᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᓄᓇᕗᑦ ᑐᙵᕕᒃᑯᓐᓂ.

ᐅᐱᒋᔭᖃᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᒪᒃᐱᒐᖅ

ᐅᓇ ᐅᐱᒋᔭᖃᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᒪᒃᐱᖅᑐᒐᖅ. ᐊᑖᓃᑦᑐᖅ ᑐᙵᓱᒃᑎᑕᐅᕗᑎᑦ ᑐᓂᓯᔪᒪᒍᕕᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᒃᓴᒥᒃ ᐃᓕᑦᑎᓯᒪᖕᒪᖔᖅᐱᑦ ᐃᒃᐱᒋᔭᕐᓂᒡᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓂᑯᓂᒃ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᐃᑦ ᒥᒃᓵᓄᑦ.

ᒪᒥᐊᓐᓂᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᖁᑦᑎᑦᑐᒧᑦ ᓄᑦᑎᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ

ᐅᖃᐅᓯᒃᓴᐃᑦ ᒥᓂᔅᑕ ᔮᓐ ᑕᓐᑲᓐᒧᑦ, PC, ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᖅᑎᕐᔪᐊᖅ, ᒥᓂᔅᑕ ᐃᓄᓕᕆᔨᑐᖃᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᒐᕙᒪᑐᖃᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᐅᖃᖅᑎᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᓪᓚᖓᔪᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᓪᓚᓄᑦ ᐃᓕᑕᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᓐᖏᑦᑐᓄᑦ ᒪᒥᐊᓐᓂᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᖁᑦᑎᑦᑐᒧᑦ ᓄᑦᑎᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ>< ᐋᒡᒌᓯ 18, 2010 ᐃᓄᒃᔪᐊᖅ, ᓄᓇᕕᒻᒥ ᐃᓐᓇᐃᑦ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᖏᑦ, ᐊᕐᓇᐃᑦ ᐊᖑᑏᓪᓗ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᓗᐊᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᑕᐃᒃᑯᐊ ᐊᑦᑐᖅᑕᐅᓂᖃᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᓄᑦᑎᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᓄᑦ; ᖁᔭᓐᓇᒦᒃ ᐅᕙᓃᒍᓐᓇᕋᔅᓯ. ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᑦᑎᐊᒥᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒨᕆᐅᕋᒪ ᒥᓂᔅᑕᐅᓪᓗᖓ ᐃᓄᓕᕆᔨᑐᖃᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᐱᒍᓱᑦᑎᐊᖅᐳᖓ ᑕᕝᕙᓃᖃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᕋᒪ ᑕᒪᑐᒧᖓ ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᓇᕐᓂᐊᖅᑐᒧᑦ. ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᔪᒃᓴᐅᕗᓯ ᑕᐃᓐᓇ ᐃᓇᖏᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔭᕋ ᒥᓂᔅᑕ ᓯᑐᕌᓪ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᑦᑎᐊᒥ ᓄᓇᕕᒻᒨᕆᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᒻᒥᒻᒪᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔩᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑰᔾᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᐃᑦ ᐱᖓᓱᑦ ᐊᓂᒍᖅᓯᒪᓕᖅᑐᑦ. ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᕋ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓂᕆᐅᑦᑎᐊᖅᐳᖓ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒨᖃᑦᑕᓛᕆᐊᔅᓴᖅ ᐊᑯᓚᐃᑦᑐᒃᑯᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᖃᑦᑎᐊᓛᕆᐊᔅᓴᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᓂᕈᐊᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓂᓐᓂ. ᐊᕐᕌᒍᑦ 50 ᐅᖓᑖᓃᓕᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᑦᑎᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑕᕝᕙᙵᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᒻᒥᑦ ᖁᑦᑎᑦᑐᒧᑦ. ᑕᕝᕙᓃᑉᐳᖓ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᖅᖢᒍ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᕐᔪᐊᖓ, ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᓕᒫᓪᓗ ᒪᒥᐊᒍᒪᓪᓗᖓ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓄᖓ ᖃᓄᐃᓐᓂᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᓄᑦ. ᐅᓪᓗᒥ ᓇᓪᓕᐅᓂᖅᓯᐅᕐᓂᐅᔪᖅ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᕗᖅ ᒪᒥᓴᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᓴᐃᒻᒪᖃᑎᒌᓐᓂᕐᒧᓪᓗ. ᒪᒥᐊᓐᓂᕆᓂᐊᖅᑕᕋ ᐊᖏᕐᓂᐊᖅᐸᓯᐅᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᓕᒫᑦ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᕐᓗᒋᑦ. ᓂᕆᐅᒃᐳᖓ ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᑐᙵᕕᒋᔭᐅᓂᐊᕐᒪᑦ ᓴᙱᒃᑎᒋᐊᕈᑕᐅᓗᓂ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᒌᓐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᓐᓂᑦ. ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᓪᓗ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᕐᓗᒋᑦ, ᒪᒥᐊᓪᓚᕆᒍᒪᕗᒍᑦ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ ᐃᓚᒌᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᒃᔪᐊᕐᒥᑦ ᒥᑦᑎᒪᑕᓕᖕᒥᓪᓗ ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒧᑦ ᖃᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒧᓪᓗ 1950-ᖏᓐᓂ. ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᔪᒪᕗᒍᑦ ᕿᒃᓵᖕᓂᕆᔭᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᒃᓱᕉᓴᖕᓂᕆᓚᐅᖅᑕᑦᑎᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ. ᐃᓚᒌᑦ ᐊᕕᒃᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᓄᓇᒥᖕᓂᑦ ᐃᓚᒥᖕᓂᓪᓗ 1,000 ᑭᓛᒥᑐᔅ ᐅᖓᑖᓄᑦ. ᐃᒡᓗᖃᖅᑎᑕᐅᑦᑎᐊᓚᐅᙱᓚᑦ ᐱᖁᑎᖃᖅᑎᑕᐅᙱᖦᖢᑎᒡᓗ. ᑐᓴᐅᒪᑎᑕᐅᑦᑎᐊᓚᐅᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᖃᓄᑎᒋ ᐅᖓᓯᒃᑎᒋᓂᐊᕐᒪᖔᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᖃᓄᖅ ᐊᔾᔨᒋᙱᑎᒋᓇᔭᕐᒪᖔᒍ ᐃᓄᒃᔪᐊᒥᑦ ᐊᖏᕐᕋᖅᑖᕆᓂᐊᓕᖅᑕᖏᑦ, ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓚᐅᙱᖦᖢᑎᒡᓗ ᒪᕐᕉᖕᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᙳᖅᑎᑕᐅᓂᐊᕐᓂᖏᓐᓂ ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒧᐊᕈᑎᒃ. ᓱᓕᒃᑲᓐᓂᖅ, ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᔪᓯᑎᑦᑎᓚᐅᙱᓚᑦ ᐱᓂᐊᕐᓂᕋᓚᐅᖅᑕᒥᓂᒃ ᐅᑎᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᐊᕐᓂᕋᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᑭᓇᑐᐃᓐᓇᕐᒥᒃ ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒦᒍᒪᓚᐅᙱᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᖏᕐᕋᑐᖃᕐᒥᓄᑦ. ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦ ᐅᒡᒍᐊᕈᑎᖃᒻᒪᕆᒃᐳᑦ ᑕᒻᒪᕐᓂᕆᓚᐅᖅᑕᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓱᕋᐃᓯᒪᓂᕆᓚᐅᖅᑕᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᑖᖅᑐᐊᓗᖕᒥ ᑭᖑᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᒪᒥᐊᑉᐳᖓ ᖁᑦᑎᑦᑐᒧᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ. ᖁᔭᓕᔪᒪᕙᕗᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᓴᐱᓕᕈᓐᓇᓚᐅᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᑉᐱᐊᓱᙱᓐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ. ᐊᒃᓱᕈᕋᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᒃᓱᕈᕐᓇᕋᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᑭᖑᕚᖏᓪᓗ ᑲᔪᓯᓂᖃᑦᑎᐊᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᐱᕈᖅᓴᐃᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐆᒻᒪᕆᒃᑐᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒥ ᖃᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒥᓗ. ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦ ᐃᓕᓴᖅᓯᕗᑦ ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᓄᓇᓖᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᓴᙱᔪᒥᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᑕᓂᒃ ᓴᖅᑭᔮᓕᖅᑎᑦᑎᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒥ. ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᖃᑕᙳᑎᒌᑦ ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᒧᑦ ᖁᕕᐊᓇᙱᑦᑐᒻᒪᕆᐅᕗᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐱᐅᓯᕆᓯᒪᔭᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐳᐃᒍᕆᐊᖃᙱᑕᕗᑦ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐃᓕᓴᕆᔭᕆᐊᖃᖅᑕᕗᑦ, ᐃᓕᕝᕕᒋᔭᕆᐊᖃᖅᑕᕗᑦ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᓪᓗ ᕿᑐᕐᖓᕗᑦ. ᐃᓕᓴᖅᓯᓂᖅ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᓪᓗᑕ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ ᓯᕗᒻᒧᐊᒍᓐᓇᕈᑎᒋᕙᕗᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᒡᓗᑕ ᓴᐃᒻᒪᖃᑎᒌᖕᓂᒃᑯᓪᓗ. ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᓪᓗ ᐊᒥᓱᓂᒃ ᐱᕚᓪᓕᕈᑎᖃᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᐊᑕᐅᑦᑎᒃᑯᑦ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᓕᒫᓪᓗ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐃᑲᔪᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᑦᑎᓐᓄᑦ ᐱᐅᓯᑐᖃᑦᑎᓐᓄᓪᓗ. ᑲᔪᓰᓐᓇᕆᐊᖃᖅᐳᒍᑦ ᓴᙱᒃᑎᒋᐊᕐᓗᒍ ᐊᒃᑐᐊᓂᕆᔭᕗᑦ ᑐᑭᓯᐅᒪᑦᑎᐊᓕᕐᓗᑕᓗ ᐃᒃᐱᒍᓱᑦᑎᐊᕐᓗᑕᓗ. ᑲᑐᔾᔨᓗᑕ ᓴᓇᔭᕆᐊᖃᖅᐳᒍᑦ ᓴᙱᓂᖅᓴᒥᒃ, ᖃᓄᐃᙱᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᖅᓴᒥᒃ ᐆᒻᒪᕆᖕᓂᖅᓴᒥᒡᓗ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ, ᑭᖑᓂᐊᒍᑦ, ᓴᙱᓂᖅᓴᒥᒃ, ᖃᓄᐃᙱᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᖅᓴᒥᒃ ᐆᒻᒪᕆᖕᓂᖅᓴᒥᒡᓗ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ. ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦ ᓂᕆᐅᒃᐳᑦ ᑖᓐᓇ ᒪᒥᐊᓐᓂᐅᔪᖅ ᐃᑲᔪᕐᓂᐊᕐᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᒪᒥᑎᑦᑎᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐋᓐᓂᕈᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐱᒋᐊᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ 60 ᐊᕐᕌᒍᐃᑦ ᐊᓂᒍᖅᓯᒪᓕᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᒪᒃᐱᖅᓯᓗᓂ ᑕᒪᑐᒥᖓ ᖁᕕᐊᓇᙱᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐊᑐᖅᓯᒪᔭᖏᓐᓂᒃ. ᓴᙱᒃᑎᒋᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᐊᖅᐳᖅ ᑐᙵᕕᒋᔭᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᓪᓗ ᓴᓇᔪᓐᓇᖅᑕᖓᓂᒃ ᐃᑲᔪᕐᓗᓂᓗ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖅ ᓴᙱᔫᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐃᓱᒪᖅᓱᕐᓗᓂᓗ.